PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.